Ammoniyamu Polyphosphate ey'omuhendo (APP): ey'ahaiguru - ey'okukora munonga ey'eby'emibazi ebitari bimwe na bimwe

Ebintu ebikuru n‘emitwarize y‘omutaano

Emibazi erimu: APP erimu 30% - 32% z’ekiriisa kya fosforo hamwe na 14% - 16% z’ekiriisa kya nitrogen. Omugaati ogu gwa nitrogen - phosphorus niguhindura ogw’omugasho omu mirimo mingi, nk’okuha ebiriisa ebikuru omu kukura kw’ebimera omu bihingwa n’okutunga okuzibira omuriro okuhikire kurabira omu nkora y’okukoragana kwa phosphorus na nitrogen omu mbeera z’okuzibira omuriro.
Okugumaho kw'okwotsya: Omu bwire bw‘okuvunda kw‘okwotsya ≥280°C, APP neeguma egumire omu mbeera z‘obutagatsi bw‘ahaiguru. Ekintu eki nikigihindura nungi omu kukora ebintu ebitarikubaasa kukwatwa obutagatsi nk’ebiveera by’eby’obuhangwa n’ebintu ebitarikubaasa kukwatwa omuriro ebirikukoresibwa omu mbeera z’obutagatsi bwingi.
Omuringo gw’omubiri n’okushohozibwa: Ekipimo ky’okuhinduka kw’ebintu (polymerization) nikikwata aha ku kirikubaasa kuhinduka omu maizi. n ku eri 10 - 20, neeba eri omu maizi - erikushohora; n > 20, nikiba kitarikubaasa kusheesheka gye. Ebintu bya buriijo eby‘ahaiguru - polymer (n>1000) biri haihi kutabaasa kusheesheka omu maizi, biriho nk‘ebicupuri ebirikwera ebirikusheesheka ebiine oburemeezi bw‘okusheesheka oburikwingana 0.7g/cm3, oburemeezi bw‘okusheesheka burikwingana 1.9g/cm3, pH eri haihi - nature content ya mo -7.0 neutral range ya 5.5. ≤0.25%.

Emyanya y'okushaba emikuru

Omusiri gw'okuzibira omuriro: Omusingi gwa Halogen - Ebirikuzibira omuriro ebya busha
APP n‘ekintu kikuru munonga ekya halogen - ekitarimu phosphorus - ekirikuzibira omuriro, kirikweyongyera kuba eky‘omugasho omu nkora y‘okutunguura eby‘okukoresa ebirikuzibira omuriro kandi ebiine obutwa bukye.

Ebintu ebirikuzibira omuriro: Nibikoresibwa munonga omu kuhanga ebikwato ebirikuzibira omuriro. Omuriro ku gurikubaho, APP neevunda ku erikuba neeyokibwa, ekirikureetera ekirungo kyayo kutunguuka kandi kikora ekicweka ky’omubiri ekirimu obucupa (porous foamy carbonaceous layer). Ekicweka eki eky’omuriro gwa kaboni nikikora nk’ekintu ekirikuzibira obutagatsi, nikizibira gye obutagatsi kuza omu itaka kandi nikikyendeeza aha kweyongyera kw’obutagatsi bw’eitaka, n’ahabw’ekyo nikitunga obwire bw’okubinga abakozi n’okuzibira omuriro. Omu mbeera ezirimu ebyetaago by‘okwerinda omuriro by‘ahaiguru munonga, nk‘ebyombeko by‘ahaiguru, ebyombeko by‘amashanyarazi, n‘emeeri, ebipande ebi nibikora omurimo mukuru gw‘okwerinda omuriro ahabw‘omurimo gwa APP.

Ebintu by’obuveera n’eby’emipiira: Okwongyera APP aha biveera by’obuveera ebirikwotsya nka polyethylene na polypropylene, hamwe n’ebintu by’emipiira, nikibaasa kutunguura munonga okuzibira omuriro gw’ebintu. Omu bipande by’ebiveera eby’ebintu by’amashanyarazi n’eby’amashanyarazi, ebicweka by’ebiveera eby’omunda y’emotoka, n’ebipiira by’okuzibira ebiriisa n’ebikwato, APP neezibira okugumizamu kw’okwotsya obwo erikukora ekicweka kya kaboni ekihamire aha mutwe gw’ebintu kurabira omu nkora y’okuzibira omuriro gw’omuriro, ekirikuhikiiriza omutindo gw’ebintu ebiine akakwate n’okuzibira omuriro.
Ebirungo n’Ebijwaro: Nibikoresibwa omu kujanjaba ebirungo n’ebijwaro ebirikuzibira omuriro. Bwanyima y‘okujanjaba na APP, ebihimba n‘ebijwaro tibyanguhi kwotsya waatunga enshonga y‘omuriro, ekirikukyendeeza akabi k‘okujanjaara kw‘omuriro omu mwanya muhango okurikureetwaho emyenda eri omu muriro. Nikikira kukozesebwa omu bintu nk’ebijwaro by’okujwara aha mirimo, emikingo, na kapeti kutunguura oburinzi bw’omuriro omu myanya y’abantu boona n’emyenda y’omu maka.

Industry y'ebigimusa: Erikutwara ebiriisa omu muringo murungi kandi orikukora ebintu bingi
Ebintu ebikuru eby’okukoresa omu maizi - Ebigimusa ebirikusheesheka: Ni ekintu kikuru eky’okukoresa omu kutunguura ebigimusa ebirikusheesheka omu maizi. Namunonga low - polymer APP, n’okushohoza kwayo kurungi, okuhikaana, n’obutagatsi bukye bw’okuhinduka ekibiriiti, nikihinduka ekicweka kirungi ky’ebihimba by’amaizi. Nikibaasa kukoresibwa kutebeekanisa ebigimusa by’amaizi ebiine phosphorus nyingi, kandi pH yaakyo eri haihi - neutral neegihindura ey’obukuumi bw’ahaiguru aha birimwa. Nikibaasa kuhindura ions z’ekyoma nka calcium, magnesium, iron, na zinc, ekirikuzibira ions ezi kukora ebicupuri omu nshaho y’ebigimusa n’okutunguura okuhama kw’ebigimusa. Omu bwire nibwo bumwe, nikitunguura okutambura kwa phosphorus n’ebintu ebikye ebiri omu itaka, ekirikubireetera kworoba kunywa n’okukoresibwa ebirimwa, kumanya emirimo mingi y’ebihingwa n’okuhikiiriza ebyetaago by’ebiriisa by’ebirimwa omu mitwarize y’okukura etari emwe n’emwe.

Obwire buraingwa - Okukora mpora - Okurekura Emitwarize: Omu itaka, APP neehinduka mpora mpora omu maizi kuba orthophosphate, mpora mpora neerekura ebintu bya phosphorus kuha ebiriisa by’obwire buraingwa eby’ebirimwa. Wagyeragyeranisa n’ebigimusa bya phosphate ebya buriijo, biine obwire buraingwa bw’okukoresa ebigimusa, nibikyendeeza aha mubaro gw’ebigimusa, nibitunguura omubaro gw’okukoresa ebigimusa, nibikyendeeza aha sente z’okukora eby’obuhingi, kandi omu bwire nibwo bumwe nibikyendeeza aha kufeerwa ebiriisa by’omu itaka n’okushiisha eby’obuhangwa ebirikureetwaho sugristaable the fertilization of freque a entunguka.

Ebindi ebirikukoresibwa omu makorero
Omusiri gw‘okuboneza amaizi: Nk‘omubazi gw‘okuboneza amaizi, APP neebaasa kukwatanisa n‘ebicweka by‘omubiri ebigumire (nk‘ebicweka bya calcium na magnesium ions) omu maizi kuhanga ebizibu ebitarikubaasa kusheesheka, kukyendeeza okugumizamu kw‘amaizi n‘okuzibira okukyebera omu mipiira n‘ebikwato. Kandi neebaasa kukora firimu y’okwerinda aha mutwe gw’emipiira y’ebyoma, ekore omurimo gw’okuzibira okusheenya n’okuzibira okusheenya kw’ebyoma, n’ahabw’ekyo neeyongyera aha myaka y’obuheereza bw’emipiira n’ebikwato. Nikikozesibwa munonga omu nkora z’amaizi g’okutambura omu makorero, okuboneza amaizi g’omu bibokisi, n’ebindi.

Ebirungo by’okusiiga: Omu nkora y’okusiiga, APP neebaasa kukora nk’ekintu ekirikurinda, ekirikuita obukooko, n’ekirikumaraho ebicupuri. Nikibaasa kwongyera aha kuhamira kw’ekipande aha itaka, kikareetera ekipande kuhamira gye aha mutwe gw’ekintu. Nikibaasa kwongyera aha maani g’ekipande, kwongyera aha kujwara - okuzibira n’okushara - okuzibira ekipande. Kandi nikibaasa n’okutunguura okusheesheka kw’amaizi n’okuhikaana kw’ekipande, kikareetera aha mutwe gw’ekipande kushemeza kandi kishushane, n’okutunguura omutindo gwona n’okushemeza kw’ekipande.

Ebirikushobororwaho

Orupapura rw'okurinda omutindo

Okurinda omutindo n'okukuratira emitindo

Omuringo gw'okukora n'omutindo: Hariho emiringo etari emwe n’emwe ey’okutebeekanisa APP. Nk’eky’okureeberaho, omuringo gw’okuteera enjura nigutwariramu okuteera omubaro gw’ekiriisa kya phosphoric acid omu nshaho y’amaizi g’ammonium reero bwanyima bakayongyeraho ammonium bicarbonate ahabw’okugarukamu kubaasa kureetaho APP. Omuringo ogu gwine ebirikurugamu bingi kandi gworobi kukora. Omuringo gw’okukora ebiriisa nigukoresa polyphosphoric acid nari lactam yaayo kuteerana n’ebintu ebimwe nka acrylic acid kutunga ebintu ebirikukora gye. Omuringo gw’okukora ebintu nigukuratira gye enkora y’okurinda omutindo kureeba ngu eby’okureeberaho ebikuru byagumaho nk’obushemeire bw’ebintu, diguri y’okuhindura ebiriisa, n’obutagatsi oburimu, kuhikiiriza emitindo y’ahaiguru ey’amakorero gatari gamwe na gamwe.

Kuhikiriza: Ekintu nikikuratira emitindo n’ebiragiro ebirikukwata aha by’obushuubuzi. Omu kukozesa ebirikuzibira omuriro, nikihikiiriza emitindo ya 阻燃 nka UL 94. Omu kukozesa ebigimusa, nikihikiiriza emitindo y’omutindo gw’ebigimusa omu ihanga kureeba ngu byakoresibwa gye kandi omu muringo murungi. Kuruga aha kugura ebintu ebitari bimwe na bimwe kuhika aha kureeta ebintu, okukyebera okugumire nikukorwa omu nkora yoona kureeba ngu buri kicweka ky‘ebintu nikyesigwa omu mutindo kandi kigumire omu kukora.

Ahabw’enki Nitutoorana Omubazi Gwaitu gw’Amoniyamu?

Yaaba nookora eby’okukora ebirikuzibira omuriro - okurinda amagara n’ebintu, orikuta omutima aha kucondooza n’okukora ebigimusa kuhwera eby’obuhingi, nari okucondooza aha bihangirwe bisya omu mirimo endiijo y’amakorero, APP yaitu n’okutoorana kwawe okw’okwesiga. Nituha obuhwezi bw’eby’obuhangwa obuhikire kuhwera abashuubuzi omu kutunguura enkora z’ebintu n’okushoboorora oburemeezi bw’okubikozesa. N‘enkora y‘okuha ebintu erimu abantu baingi, nituhamya ngu ebintu byaheebwa omu bwire kandi omu muringo oguhamire kuhikiiriza ebyetengo byawe by‘okukora eby‘emiringo etari emwe n‘emwe.

Iguraho emiringo mirungi y’okutunguura okukora kw’ebintu n’okutunguura emirimo n’omubazi gwa Ammonium Polyphosphate ogw’omuhendo, kandi oyemerere omu maisho g’okukora ebintu bisya n’okutunguuka omu makorero gatari gamwe na gamwe.